What to Look for in an AR-15

How to choose the right rifle for your needs

When it comes to firearms, the AR-15 is one of the most popular rifles in the United States, as this platform is known for its versatility, modularity, and ease of use. However, with so many different manufacturers looking to put out the “best AR-15”, you have a lot of less than quality ARs on the market. That being said, it does not matter whether you're a seasoned gun enthusiast or a first-time buyer, selecting the right AR-15 can be a daunting task due to the vast array of options available. 

That being said, the team at Shoot Angry has put together some key factors to consider when purchasing your first AR-15 rifle.

What to Look for in an AR-15 Rifle

We have carefully broken down the key points to look for in a rifle. 

1. Purpose of the Rifle

Before diving into the technical specifications, it’s crucial to determine the primary purpose of your AR-15. Are you planning to use it for home defense (though there are plenty of better options for home defense), hunting (although the AR calibers are typically not good for much more than varmint hunting), competitive shooting, or recreational plinking? 

Each purpose may influence the features and specifications you prioritize.

• Home Defense: Opt for a shorter barrel (around 16 inches) for maneuverability. However, keep in mind that with the standard 5.56 NATO/.223 Remington you run the risk of over penetration and you do not take down the target effectively, or you risk hitting something else. 
• Hunting: Consider caliber options beyond the standard 5.56 NATO/.223 Remington for more stopping power, as 5.56 NATO and .223 Remington are more aimed at varmint hunting. 
• Competitive Shooting: Look for a rifle with a longer barrel and free-floating handguard for improved accuracy.
• Recreational Shooting: Standard configurations are typically sufficient and more budget-friendly, which can be useful if you are just looking to take trips to the range and bang steel.

2. Barrel Length and Twist Rate

The barrel length and twist rate significantly impact the rifle's performance.

• Barrel Length: Common AR-15 lengths include 16, 18, and 20 inches. Shorter barrels are more maneuverable in close quarters, but too short of a barrel (less than 16 inches) will be considered a short barrel rifle, which requires permits. Or if you get a barrel shorter than 16 inches without a stock and only a buffer tube or brace, it would be considered a pistol. On the other hand, longer barrels often provide better accuracy and velocity.
• Twist Rate: The twist rate, indicated as a ratio (e.g., 1:7, 1:8, 1:9), refers to how many inches the bullet travels down the barrel to complete one full rotation. A 1:7 twist rate stabilizes heavier bullets, whereas a 1:9 twist rate is better for lighter bullets.

3. Gas System

The AR-15 operates using a gas system, which cycles the action. The length of the gas system affects recoil and reliability.

• Carbine Length: Shorter gas tube, increased recoil but more compact.
• Mid-Length: Balanced option, softer recoil, reliable operation.
• Rifle Length: Longest gas tube, softest recoil, often used with longer barrels.

4. Upper and Lower Receivers

The AR-15 is built around two main parts: the upper receiver and the lower receiver. This simplicity often leads many people to buying the parts separately, and assembling them themselves. 

That being said, there are some things to consider with each of these.

• Upper Receiver: This part houses the barrel, gas system, and bolt carrier group. Key considerations include the presence of a forward assist, ejection port cover, and handguard type.
• Lower Receiver: This part contains the trigger assembly, magazine well, and buttstock. The lower receiver is the serialized part and thus regulated by law.

5. Trigger

Triggers vary in terms of pull weight and design. Standard mil-spec triggers are reliable and affordable, but upgrading to a match-grade or two-stage trigger can significantly improve accuracy and shooting experience.

Something like a binary trigger can help improve the fire rate as well.

6. Sights and Optics

Decide whether you prefer iron sights, red dot sights, or magnified optics.

• Iron Sights: Durable and reliable, often included with the rifle, especially with the older rifles that have the fixed iron sights.
• Red Dot Sights: Great for quick target acquisition, ideal for close to medium range, these are not necessarily magnified.
• Magnified Optics: Necessary for long-range shooting, offering increased precision. There are different magnifications for hitting targets at different distances.

7. Furniture and Accessories

The term "furniture" refers to the rifle’s stock, handguard, and the grip. Ergonomics are key for comfort and control.

• Stock: Adjustable stocks offer versatility, fixed stocks provide stability. But if you have an AR platform with a barrel less than 16 inches, a fixed stock would make that an SBR, and you would need permits.
• Handguard: Options include drop-in, free-floating, and rail systems. Rail systems allow for a lot more attachments..
• Grip: Various shapes and textures are available to suit personal preferences, such as rugged grips, smooth grips, and so on.

8. Budget

Set a realistic budget that includes the AR rifle, accessories, ammunition, and potential upgrades. Quality often correlates with price, but there are many reliable options at different price points.

That being said, if it is your first AR-15, then maybe going with a cheaper option and learning how to use the rifle properly and u

9. Brand Reputation and Warranty

Research brands and manufacturers known for producing high-quality AR-15s, even if you are going to build it yourself you still want it to be made of quality parts. It is also worth mentioning that reputable brands often are more likely to provide better customer support and warranties, ensuring peace of mind with your purchase.

Buying Your First AR Conclusion

Selecting your first AR-15 is a significant decision that requires careful consideration of your specific needs and preferences. By focusing on the purpose, barrel specifications, gas system, receiver quality, trigger, sights, furniture, budget, and brand reputation, you can find the perfect AR-15 to suit your needs. Take your time, do your research, and consult with knowledgeable professionals to make an informed decision. Happy shooting!