Your cart is empty
The 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds are two popular choices when it comes to ammunition for AK-style rifles, notably in the AK-74 and AK-47 variants. These rounds have their own unique characteristics and are often compared to determine which one is superior. We will compare the key features, technical specifications, ballistic performance, rifle compatibility, and pros and cons of each round. By the end of this blog, you will have a better understanding of the differences between the 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds, allowing you to make an informed decision based on your specific needs and preferences.
Both rounds have been widely used by military and civilian shooters around the world, thanks to their reliability and affordability, but let’s take a deeper look into the history.
The 5.45x39mm round was developed in response to the United States' adoption of the 5.56x45mm round during the Vietnam War. The Soviet military recognized the benefits of a smaller, faster round and tasked Mikhail Kalashnikov with designing a rifle to chamber it. The result was the AK-74, which was introduced in 1974. The 7.62x39mm round, on the other hand, was developed alongside the original AK-47 by Mikhail Kalashnikov himself. It served as the standard ammunition for the Soviet military and saw extensive use in conflicts such as the Vietnam War and the Soviet-Afghan War, and is still largely popular today. Both rounds have since become iconic in their own right, with the AK-47 and AK-74 rifles gaining legendary status among firearms enthusiasts worldwide.
One of the key design features of the 5.45x39mm round is its smaller projectile size compared to the 7.62x39mm round. This allows for higher velocity and a flatter trajectory, resulting in improved accuracy and performance at longer ranges. The 7.62x39mm round, on the other hand, has a larger projectile size, which translates to more stopping power and better performance at shorter distances. However, it also comes with increased recoil, making it slightly more challenging to control. Both rounds are designed to be reliable and effective in their respective applications, with the AK-74 and AK-47 rifles featuring robust construction and a reputation for durability.
When comparing the technical specifications of the 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds, there are several important factors to consider. The bullet dimensions and weights differ between the two rounds, with the 5.45x39mm typically having a smaller diameter and lighter weight compared to the 7.62x39mm. Additionally, the powder load and muzzle velocity vary, with the 5.45x39mm round generally having a higher muzzle velocity. These technical specifications play a crucial role in determining the ballistic performance and overall effectiveness of each round.
The 5.45x39mm round typically has a bullet diameter of .22" (5.6mm) and a weight ranging from 53 to 80 grains. In comparison, the 7.62x39mm round has a bullet diameter of .312" (7.9mm) and a weight ranging from 112 to 180 grains. The smaller size and lighter weight of the 5.45x39mm bullet contribute to its higher velocity and flatter trajectory. However, it is important to note that the 7.62x39mm bullet offers more stopping power and the ability to penetrate barriers due to its larger size and weight. The following table provides a comparison of the bullet dimensions and weights for the two rounds:
5.45x39mm |
7.62x39mm |
|
Bullet Diameter |
.220" (5.6mm) |
.312" (7.9mm) |
Bullet Weight |
53-80 grains |
112-180 grains |
The powder load and muzzle velocity of a round play a significant role in its ballistic performance. The 5.45x39mm round typically has a higher muzzle velocity compared to the 7.62x39mm round, resulting in a flatter trajectory and improved accuracy at longer distances. However, it is important to note that the 7.62x39mm round still offers respectable muzzle velocity and energy, making it effective at shorter distances. The specific powder load and muzzle velocity can vary depending on the manufacturer and specific load, but overall, the 5.45x39mm round tends to have a higher velocity compared to the 7.62x39mm round.
The ballistic performance of a round is determined by its ability to penetrate and its trajectory. When comparing the 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds, there are several factors to consider.
When it comes to penetration and trajectory, the 7.62x39mm round has an advantage over the 5.45x39mm round. The larger size and weight of the 7.62x39mm bullet allow it to penetrate barriers such as walls and light armor more effectively, but this makes it a slightly less than ideal option for self defense, where you risk overpenetration and hitting things you do not want to hit.
The 5.45x39mm round, on the other hand, offers a flatter trajectory and higher muzzle velocity. The trajectory of a round refers to its path through the air, and a flatter trajectory means less bullet drop and improved accuracy. Both rounds have their strengths and weaknesses when it comes to penetration and trajectory, and the choice between the two will depend on the specific needs and preferences of the shooter.
The 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds have different characteristics when it comes to effective range and stopping power. The 5.45x39mm round, with its higher velocity and flatter trajectory, has a longer effective range compared to the 7.62x39mm round. It is more accurate and delivers more energy downrange, making it a better choice for longer-distance engagements. However, the 7.62x39mm round offers more stopping power at shorter distances. Its larger bullet size and weight allow it to deliver a hard-hitting impact, making it effective for close-quarters combat and taking down targets quickly. The choice between the two rounds will depend on the intended use and the specific requirements of the shooter.
When it comes to rifle compatibility and usage, both the 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds are widely used in AK-style rifles, some of the most popular platforms in the world.
The 5.45x39mm round is commonly used in rifles such as the AK-74 and its variants. The AK-74 is a modernized version of the iconic AK-47 and was designed specifically to chamber the 5.45x39mm round. It offers improved accuracy, reduced recoil, and better performance at longer ranges compared to the AK-47. The 7.62x39mm round, on the other hand, is commonly used in rifles such as the AK-47 and the SKS. The AK-47 is one of the most widely recognized and used firearms in the world, known for its reliability and durability. The SKS is a semi-automatic carbine that also accepts the 7.62x39mm round.
Both the 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds have been used extensively by military and civilian shooters. In a military context, the 5.45x39mm round offers advantages such as higher velocity, flatter trajectory, and better performance at longer ranges. It is commonly used by military forces that prioritize accuracy and long-range engagement. The 7.62x39mm round, on the other hand, offers more stopping power and better performance at shorter distances, making it effective for close-quarters combat. In a civilian context, both rounds can be used for various purposes such as target shooting, hunting, and self-defense, but there are far better calibers for self defense and home defense. The availability of ammunition and rifle compatibility should be considered when choosing between the two rounds. Additionally, the 7.62x39mm round is more commonly available and offers a wider variety of ammunition options.
When considering the pros and cons of the 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds, it is important to evaluate their specific characteristics and how they align with your shooting needs. The 5.45x39mm round offers advantages such as higher velocity, flatter trajectory, and improved accuracy at longer ranges. It is ideal for shooters who prioritize precision and long-range performance. The 7.62x39mm round, on the other hand, offers more stopping power and better performance at shorter distances. It is suitable for shooters who require a hard-hitting impact and effectiveness in close-quarters combat. It is important to consider factors such as availability of ammunition, rifle compatibility, and specific shooting requirements when choosing between the two calibers.
The 5.45x39mm round offers several advantages over its counterpart. One of the main advantages is its flatter trajectory, thanks to its higher velocity. This makes it more suitable for long-range shooting and provides better accuracy over longer distances. Additionally, the 5.45x39mm round delivers better overall performance, with its smaller bullet size allowing for better penetration and terminal performance. Its higher velocity also contributes to better energy transfer upon impact. These advantages make the 5.45x39mm round a preferred choice for shooters looking for precision and effectiveness in their ammunition.
The 7.62x39mm round offers distinct advantages that make it a popular choice among shooters. One of its key advantages is its stopping power. The larger bullet size of the 7.62x39mm round allows for greater impact and penetration, making it more effective in stopping targets. Additionally, the 7.62x39mm round is known for its durability. It can withstand harsh environments and is less prone to malfunctioning or damage. However, one drawback of the 7.62x39mm round is its recoil. The larger bullet size generates more recoil, which may affect accuracy and control. Despite this, the 7.62x39mm round remains a popular choice for close-quarters combat and hunting due to its stopping power and durability.
Both the 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds have their own advantages for long-range shooting. The 5.45x39mm round offers better performance, a flatter trajectory, and higher precision due to its higher velocity. However, the 7.62x39mm round provides better stopping power and durability, making it suitable for longer distances.
No, 5.45x39mm rounds cannot be used in AK-47 rifles. The AK-47 is chambered for the 7.62x39mm round, while the 5.45x39mm round is specifically designed for AK-74 rifles. The dimensions and specifications of the two rounds are not compatible with each other.
Weather conditions can affect the performance of both the 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds. Factors such as temperature, humidity, and wind can impact bullet trajectory and accuracy. Shooters should be aware of these weather effects and make any necessary adjustments to ensure optimal performance.
Legal restrictions on using these calibers can vary depending on the region and the specific laws in place. It is important for shooters to familiarize themselves with the local regulations regarding ammunition possession, transportation, and use. Compliance with these legal restrictions is essential to ensure responsible and lawful firearm ownership.
In conclusion, understanding the differences between 5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm rounds is crucial for making informed decisions based on your specific requirements. Each caliber has its unique strengths and weaknesses, impacting factors like ballistic performance, rifle compatibility, and ammunition availability. Whether you prioritize penetration, trajectory, stopping power, or effective range, choosing the right caliber depends on your intended usage, preferences, and shooting conditions. By considering aspects such as design features, technical specifications, and user feedback, you can select the round that best aligns with your shooting goals and budget constraints.